Digital Sustainability: The Need for Greener Software

Home · About us · Sustainability · Green Software · Digital Sustainability: The Need for Greener Software

References

  1. https://climate.copernicus.eu/copernicus-2023-hottest-year-record
  2. https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2022/the-global-energy-crisis
  3. https://www.wri.org/insights/highest-water-stressed-countries
  4. https://www.statista.com/statistics/871513/worldwide-data-created/
  5. https://hbr.org/2020/09/how-green-is-your-software
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666389921001884
  7. https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-aviation
  8. https://almanac.httparchive.org/en/2022/sustainability
  9. https://post.parliament.uk/research-briefings/post-pn-0677/
  10. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/2f5ee-new-statement-on-the-role-of-data-centres-in-irelands-enterprise-strategy-published/
  11. https://www.eirgridgroup.com/site-files/library/EirGrid/EirGrid_SONI_Ireland_Capacity_Outlook_2022-2031. pdf
  12. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/6b2fd954-2017-408e-bf08-952fdd62118a/Electricity2024-Analysisandforecastto2026. pdf
  13. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_statistics
  14. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304. 03271. pdf
  15. https://gerrymcgovern.com/water-mad-digital-devices/
  16. https://www.statista.com/statistics/263437/global-smartphone-sales-to-end-users-since-2007/
  17. https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-commitment-to-climate-conscious-data-center-cooling/
  18. https://ewastemonitor.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/GEM_2024_18-03_web_page_per_page_web.pdf
  19. https://www.seagate.com/gb/en/news/news-archive/seagates-rethink-data-report-reveals-that-68-percent-of-data-available-to-businesses-goes-unleveraged-pr-master/
  20. https://www.economist.com/leaders/2017/05/06/the-worlds-most-valuable-resource-is-no-longer-oil-but-data
  21. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2019/11/15/data-is-the-new-oil-and-thats-a-good-thing/?sh=12364d1f7304
  22. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirth%27s_law
  23. https://www.statista.com/statistics/617136/digital-population-worldwide/
  24. https://www.statista.com/statistics/203578/global-forecast-of-cloud-computing-services-growth/
  25. https://sdgs.un.org/goals
  26. https://greensoftware.foundation/
  27. https://www.mightybytes.com/blog/digital-sustainability/
  28. https://www.un.org/en/academic-impact/sustainability
  29. https://digitalwithpurpose.gesi.org/
  30. https://finance.ec.europa.eu/capital-markets-union-and-financial-markets/company-reporting-and-auditing/company-reporting/corporate-sustainability-reporting_en
  31. https://principles.green
  32. https://ghgprotocol.org/scope-3-technical-calculation-guidance
  33. https://www.statista.com/outlook/tmo/software/worldwide#revenue
  34. https://www.forbes.com/sites/martineparis/2023/02/03/chatgpt-hits-100-million-microsoft-unleashes-ai-bots-and-catgpt-goes-viral/
  35. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-48853230
  36. https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/pos/
  37. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2369304-cryptocurrency-ethereum-has-slashed-its-energy-use-by-99-99-per-cent/
  38. https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkoetsier/2023/02/10/chatgpt-burns-millions-every-day-can-computer-scientists-make-ai-one-million-times-more-efficient/?sh=682e6fc26944
  39. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk
  40. https://unece.org/DAM/energy/se/pdfs/comm25/ECE_ENERGY_2016_4. pdf
  41. https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/what-is-renewable-energy
  42. https://mc-cd8320d4-36a1-40ac-83cc-3389-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net
  43. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/6b2fd954-2017-408e-bf08-952fdd62118a/Electricity2024-Analysisandforecastto2026. pdf
  44. https://app.electricitymaps.com/map
  45. https://carbonintensity.org.uk
  46. https://github.com/Green-Software-Foundation/carbon-aware-sdk
  47. https://github.com/thegreenwebfoundation/grid-intensity-go
  48. https://get.kainos.com/Carbon-Calculator.html
  49. https://go.kainos.com/rs/272-PGO-379/images/Helping-companies-house-migrate-to-the-cloud-and-modernise-sustainably.pdf
  50. https://customers.microsoft.com/en-us/story/1505667739375662033-international-organization-for-migration-nonprofit-azure
  51. https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7142965560153104384/
  52. https://www.wired.com/story/amazon-google-microsoft-green-clouds-and-hyperscale-data-centers/
  53. https://www.finops.org/introduction/what-is-finops/
  54. https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
  55. https://learn.greensoftware.foundation/energy-efficiency/
  56. https://resources.flexera.com/web/pdf/report-cm-state-of-the-cloud-2021. pdf
  57. https://ewastemonitor.info/gem-2020/
  58. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/16/claim-for-750m-against-apple-launched-alleging-battery-throttling
  59. https://onetreeplanted.org/blogs/stories/how-much-co2-does-tree-absorb
  60. https://news.sky.com/story/half-a-million-trees-have-died-next-to-one-21-mile-stretch-of-road-national-highways-admits-12836768
  61. https://www.cdr.fyi/
  62. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/18/revealed-forest-carbon-offsets-biggest-provider-worthless-verra-aoe
  63. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du7rBQ8Z4pk
  64. https://naei.beis.gov.uk/overview/ghg-overview
  65. https://www.networkworld.com/article/2229029/computer-factories-eat-way-more-energy-than-running-the-devices-they-build.html
  66. https://www.apple.com/environment/pdf/products/notebooks/14-inch_MacBook_Pro_PER_Jan2023. pdf
  67. https://www.statista.com/statistics/263437/global-smartphone-sales-to-end-users-since-2007/
  68. https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple-Supplier-List.pdf
  69. https://www.profolus.com/topics/major-suppliers-of-apple-inside-its-supply-chain/
  70. https://www.vice.com/en/article/433wyq/everything-thats-inside-your-iphone
  71. https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/development-and-sustainability/conflict-minerals-regulation/regulation-explained_en
  72. https://www.mining-technology.com/analysis/kinshasa-africa-democratic-republic-congo-cobalt/?cf-view
  73. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/
  74. https://earthworks.org/issues/environmental-impacts-of-gold-mining/
  75. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/
  76. https://londonminingnetwork.org/get-informed/tailings-dams-explainer/
  77. https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/news/stop-mining-new-gold-say-oxford-researchers
  78. https://www.safewater.org/fact-sheets-1/2017/1/23/miningandwaterpollution
  79. https://web.mit.edu/12. 000/www/m2016/finalwebsite/problems/mining.html
  80. https://www.safewater.org/fact-sheets-1/2017/1/23/miningandwaterpollution
  81. https://post.parliament.uk/research-briefings/post-pb-0045/
  82. https://www.wise-uranium.org/mdaf.html
  83. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280645966
  84. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/
  85. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/17/global-fresh-water-demand-outstrip-supply-by-2030
  86. https://www.rankred.com/largest-data-centers-in-the-world/
  87. https://www.iea.org/commentaries/data-centres-and-energy-from-global-headlines-to-local-headaches
  88. https://www.future-tech.co.uk/the-problem-with-pue/
  89. https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/how-microsoft-measures-datacenter-water-and-energy-use-to-improve-azure-cloud-sustainability/
  90. https://www.fortum.com/media/2022/03/fortum-and-microsoft-announce-worlds-largest-collaboration-heat-homes-services-and-businesses-sustainable-waste-heat-new-data-centre-region
  91. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304. 03271. pdf
  92. https://www.statista.com/statistics/619788/average-smartphone-life/
  93. https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/microsoft/data-center-hardware-refresh-cutback-microsoft-what-s-next
  94. https://ewastemonitor.info/gem-2020/
  95. https://www.who.int/news/item/15-06-2021-soaring-e-waste-affects-the-health-of-millions-of-children-who-warns
  96. https://www.fairphone.com/en/
  97. https://finance.ec.europa.eu/capital-markets-union-and-financial-markets/company-reporting-and-auditing/company-reporting/corporate-sustainability-reporting_en
  98. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095965261733233X
  99. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/the-generative-ai-search-race-has-a-dirty-secret
  100. https://news.ucr.edu/articles/2023/04/28/ai-programs-consume-large-volumes-scarce-water
  101. https://news.ucr.edu/articles/2023/04/28/ai-programs-consume-large-volumes-scarce-water
  102. https://www.kinandcarta.com/en/insights/2023/09/does-dark-mode-win-on-sustainability-and-accessibility/
  103. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SbZdbB0mcA
  104. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SbZdbB0mcA
  105. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/history-artificial-intelligence/
  106. https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2023/05/11/On-This-Day-IBMs-Deep-Blue-beats-chess-legend-Kasparov/5651683655738/
  107. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/mar/15/googles-alphago-seals-4-1-victory-over-grandmaster-lee-sedol
  108. https://www.engadget.com/deepmind-alphafold-2-protein-folding-prediction-ai-194911146.html
  109. https://explodingtopics.com/blog/chatgpt-users
  110. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2023/05/19/a-short-history-of-chatgpt-how-we-got-to-where-we-are-today/?sh=7c272602674f
  111. https://blog.research.google/2017/08/transformer-novel-neural-network.html
  112. https://variety.com/vip/tech-giants-trigger-generative-ai-investment-booming-1235623392/
  113. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/23/business/microsoft-chatgpt-artificial-intelligence.html
  114. https://www.forbes.com/sites/qai/2023/10/31/google-invests-in-anthropic-for-2-billion-as-ai-race-heats-up/?sh=1b22b5b664ea
  115. https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-aws-anthropic-ai
  116. https://www.thestack.technology/meta-ai-investment/
  117. https://www.sify.com/ai-analytics/the-hilarious-and-horrifying-hallucinations-of-ai/
  118. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-10-18-gartner-unveils-top-predictions-for-it-organizations-and-users-in-2023-and-beyond
  119. https://www.forbes.com/sites/gigizamora/2023/05/25/the-billionaire-behind-nvidia-gets-65-billion-richer-in-a-day-as-shares-soar-amid-an-ai-chip-boom/?sh=68d36085369f
  120. https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2023/12/08/amd-takes-the-fight-to-nvidia-with-latest-ai-chip-launch-is-the-stock-a-buy-at-116/?sh=3ba6 
  121. https://press.aboutamazon.com/2023/11/aws-unveils-next-generation-aws-designed-chips
  122. https://www.semianalysis.com/p/the-inference-cost-of-search-disruption
  123. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/alex-de-vries-a5b51349_the-growing-energy-footprint-of-artificial-activity
  124. https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/ai-and-compute/
  125. https://oecd.ai/en/wonk/how-much-water-does-ai-consume
  126. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/aug/01/techscape-environment-cost-ai-artificial-intelligence
  127. https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2023/11/16/accelerating-sustainability-ai-playbook/
  128. https://www.goldmansachs.com/intelligence/pages/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent.html
  129. https://www.pwc.co.uk/services/sustainability-climate-change/insights/how-ai-future-can-enable-sustainable-future.html
  130. https://www.businessinsider.com/chatgpt-jobs-at-risk-replacement-artificial-intelligence-ai-labor-trends-2023-02?r=US&IR=T#customer-service-agents-10
  131. https://www.goldmansachs.com/intelligence/pages/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent.html
  132. https://www.theverge.com/2023/11/14/23950666/ai-sustainable-farming-machine-learning-agriculture
  133. https://hbr.org/sponsored/2023/09/how-ai-can-help-cut-energy-costs-while-meeting-ambitious-esg-goals
  134. https://www.v7labs.com/blog/ai-in-transportation
  135. https://www.lawsociety.org.uk/topics/research/ai-artificial-intelligence-and-the-legal-profession
  136. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000387029_eng
  137. https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/17/do-scientists-agree-on-climate-change/
  138. https://heartland.org/opinion/press-release-heartland-institute-reacts-to-alarmist-un-ipcc-climate-report/
  139. https://www.forbes.com/sites/rogerpielke/2019/10/23/the-biggest-threat-to-climate-science-comes-from-climate-advocates/?sh=4250a20d3456
  140. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/sep/19/ipcc-report-sceptic-groups-anti-science-campaign
  141. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/
  142. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/environmental-scientists-and-specialists.htm
  143. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920304249
  144. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/POST-PB-0045/POST-PB-0045. pdf
  145. https://batteryuniversity.com/article/bu-205-types-of-lithium-ion
  146. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/POST-PB-0045/POST-PB-0045. pdf
  147. https://macleans.ca/society/technology/on-microchips-how-choice-always-wins-and-why-there-is-nothing-to-fear-from-robots/
  148. https://www.thekurzweillibrary.com/images/How-My-Predictions-Are-Faring.pdf
  149. https://www.thekurzweillibrary.com/images/How-My-Predictions-Are-Faring.pdf
  150. https://www.fasthosts.co.uk/blog/the-future-of-the-internet/
  151. https://www.quantumbusinessnews.com/research/five-expert-predictions-for-the-future-of-quantum-computing-
  152. https://www.thekurzweillibrary.com/images/How-My-Predictions-Are-Faring.pdf
  153. https://research.google/pubs/the-case-for-energy-proportional-computing/
  154. https://eeb.org/revealed-the-climate-cost-of-disposable-smartphones/
  155. https://www.climatiq.io/blog/measure-greenhouse-gas-emissions-carbon-data-centres-cloud-computing
  156. https://app.electricitymaps.com/map
  157. https://heatworks.ie/official-opening-of-the-tallaght-district-heating-network/
  158. https://submer.com/immersion-cooling/
  159. https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/sustainability/project-natick-underwater-datacenter/
  160. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/project-silica/
  161. https://www.iarpa.gov/research-programs/mist
  162. https://www.flexera.com/about-us/press-center/flexera-state-of-itam-report-shows-wasted-spend-remains-high-across-it-estate
  163. https://www.infoq.com/articles/arm-vs-x86-cloud-performance/
  164. https://ecochain.com/blog/life-cycle-assessment-lca-guide/
  165. https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/scientific-activities-z/sustainable-product-policy_en
  166. https://www.strategyzer.com/library/the-business-model-canvas
  167. https://www.slideshare.net/RobertGerlach/the-sustainable-business-model-canvas-112256846
  168. https://nedgartside.medium.com/guiding-holistic-thinking-7-innovation-frameworks-that-help-us-look-beyond-viability-feasibility-76966625980c
  169. https://sustainableuxmanifesto.com
  170. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGFeHaYtf5A
  171. https://training.linuxfoundation.org/training/green-software-for-practitioners-lfc131/
  172. https://researchops.community/about/
  173. https://www.amazon.co.uk/Designing-Sustainability-Tim-Frick/dp/1491935774
  174. https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/56861271-sustainable-web-design
  175. https://patterns.greensoftware.foundation/catalog/web/
  176. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1061017/digital-video-viewers-number-worldwide/
  177. https://stackoverflow.com/
  178. https://github.com/features/copilot/
  179. https://www.atlassian.com/devops
  180. https://github.com/KainosSoftwareLtd/GreenGauge
  181. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/6b2fd954-2017-408e-bf08-952fdd62118a/Electricity2024-Analysisandforecastto2026. pdf
  182. https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/06/06/239031/training-a-single-ai-model-can-emit-as-much-carbon-as-five-cars-in-their-lifetimes/
  183. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.17887.pdf
  184. https://sci-guide.greensoftware.foundation/
  185. https://adrianco.medium.com/sustainability-talks-and-updates-from-aws-re-invent-2023-969100c46a6a
  186. https://www.kainos.com/insights/blogs/cost-as-a-proxy-for-carbon-the-inconvenient-truth-part-1
  187. https://sustainablewebdesign.org/calculating-digital-emissions/
  188. https://www.websitecarbon.com/
  189. https://greensoftware.foundation/articles/software-carbon-intensity-sci-specification-project
  190. https://sci-guide.greensoftware.foundation
  191. https://www.kainos.com/insights/articles/reducing-your-carbon-emissions-with-kainos-smart-test-for-workday
  192. https://h20195.www2.hp.com/v2/getpdf.aspx/c08481812.pdf
  193. https://ecocostsavings.com/how-many-watts-does-a-laptop-use/
  194. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/carbon-budgets
  195. https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/corporate/cfrf-guide-2022-transition-net-zero-carbon-budget-primer-financial-institutions.pdf
  196. https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-02/ghg-emission-factors-hub-2024. xlsx
  197. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2022
  198. https://efdb.apps.eea.europa.eu/
  199. https://watershed.com/en-GB/platform/measure/ceda
  200. https://www.climatiq.io/data
  201. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/
  202. https://devonclimateemergency.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/DCC-home-working-GHG-report-v3. pdf
  203. https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2021/Q1/turn-off-that-camera-during-virtual-meetings,-environmental-study-says.html
  204. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/toby-strong-cinematographer-creative-director-keynote-speaker-051047287_what-an-honour-to-have-been-asked-to-be-the-activity-7176939229304782848-PkJu/
  205. https://github.com/KainosSoftwareLtd/GreenGauge
  206. https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/oct/19/just-dont-waste-david-attenborough-advice
  207. https://www.linkedin.com/in/petercampell/
  208. https://www.linkedin.com/in/nikoskaraoulanis/
  209. https://www.linkedin.com/in/marcnevin/
  210. https://www.linkedin.com/in/joe-mcgrath-kainos/
  211. https://www.linkedin.com/in/moomzni/